AI With Python – Computer Vision

Computer vision is concerned with modeling and replicating human vision using computer software and hardware. In this chapter, you will learn in detail about this.

Computer Vision

Computer vision is a discipline that studies how to reconstruct, interrupt, and understand a 3d scene from its 2d images, in terms of the properties of the structure present in the scene.

Computer Vision Hierarchy

Computer vision is divided into three basic categories as following −

• Low-level vision − It includes process images for feature extraction.

• Intermediate-level vision − It includes object recognition and 3D scene interpretation

• High-level vision − It includes a conceptual description of a scene like activity, intention, and behavior.

Computer Vision Vs Image Processing

Image processing studies image to image transformation. The input and output of image processing are both images.

Computer vision is the construction of explicit, meaningful descriptions of physical objects from their image. The output of computer vision is a description or an interpretation of structures in the 3D scene.

Applications

Computer vision finds applications in the following fields −

Robotics

• Localization-determine robot location automatically

• Navigation

• Obstacles avoidance

• Assembly (peg-in-hole, welding, painting)

• Manipulation (e.g. PUMA robot manipulator)

• Human-Robot Interaction (HRI): Intelligent robotics to interact with and serve people

Medicine

• Classification and detection (e.g. lesion or cells classification and tumor detection)

• 2D/3D segmentation

• 3D human organ reconstruction (MRI or ultrasound)

• Vision-guided robotics surgery

Security

• Biometrics (iris, fingerprint, face recognition)

• Surveillance-detecting certain suspicious activities or behaviors

Transportation

• Autonomous vehicle

• Safety, e.g., driver vigilance monitoring

Industrial Automation Application

• Industrial inspection (defect detection)

• Assembly

• Barcode and package label reading

• Object sorting

• Document understanding (e.g. OCR)

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